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Compare French Guiana (2001) - Saint Martin (2008)

Compare French Guiana (2001) z Saint Martin (2008)

 French Guiana (2001)Saint Martin (2008)
 French GuianaSaint Martin
Administrative divisions none (overseas department of France) -
Age structure 0-14 years:
30.47% (male 27,669; female 26,428)

15-64 years:
64.05% (male 61,457; female 52,266)

65 years and over:
5.48% (male 4,937; female 4,805) (2001 est.)		 -
Agriculture - products rice, manioc (tapioca), sugar, cocoa, vegetables, bananas; cattle, pigs, poultry -
Airports 11 (2000 est.) 1
Airports - with paved runways total:
4

over 3,047 m:
1

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
1 (2000 est.)		 total: 1


914 to 1,523 m: 1
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
7

914 to 1,523 m:
2

under 914 m:
5 (2000 est.)		 -
Area total:
91,000 sq km

land:
89,150 sq km

water:
1,850 sq km		 total: 54.4 sq km


land: 54.4 sq km


water: NEGL
Area - comparative slightly smaller than Indiana more than one-third the size of Washington, DC
Background First settled by the French in 1604, French Guiana was the site of notorious penal settlements until 1951. The European Space Agency launches its communication satellites from Kourou. Although sighted by Christopher COLUMBUS in 1493 and claimed for Spain, it was the Dutch who occupied the island in 1631 and set about exploiting its salt deposits. The Spanish retook the island in 1633, but continued to be harassed by the Dutch. The Spanish finally relinquished St. Martin to the French and Dutch, who divided it amongst themselves in 1648. The cultivation of sugar cane introduced slavery to the island in the late 18th century; the practice was not abolished until 1848. The island became a free port in 1939; the tourism industry was dramatically expanded during the 1970s and 1980s. In 2003, the populace of St. Martin voted to secede from Guadeloupe and in 2007, the northern portion of the island became a French overseas collectivity.
Birth rate 22.02 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Budget revenues:
$225 million

expenditures:
$390 million, including capital expenditures of $105 million (1996)		 -
Capital Cayenne name: Marigot


geographical coordinates: 18 04 N, 63 05 W


time difference: UTC-4 (1 hour behind Washington, DC, during Standard Time)


daylight savings: +1 hour
Climate tropical; hot, humid; little seasonal temperature variation temperature averages 80-85 degrees all year long; low humidity, gentle trade winds, brief, intense rain showers; July-Novemeber is the hurricane season
Coastline 378 km 58.9 km (for entire island)
Constitution 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) 4 October 1958 (French Constitution)
Country name conventional long form:
Department of Guiana

conventional short form:
French Guiana

local long form:
none

local short form:
Guyane		 conventional long form: Overseas Collectivity of Saint Martin


conventional short form: Saint Martin


local long form: Collectivity d'outre mer de Saint-Martin


local short form: Saint-Martin
Currency French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) -
Death rate 4.77 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Debt - external $1.2 billion (1988) -
Dependency status overseas department of France overseas collectivity of France
Diplomatic representation from the US none (overseas department of France) none (overseas collectivity of France)
Diplomatic representation in the US none (overseas department of France) none (overseas collectivity of France)
Disputes - international Suriname claims area between Riviere Litani and Riviere Marouini (both headwaters of the Lawa) -
Economic aid - recipient $NA -
Economy - overview The economy is tied closely to that of France through subsidies and imports. Besides the French space center at Kourou, fishing and forestry are the most important economic activities. The large reserves of tropical hardwoods, not fully exploited, support an expanding sawmill industry which provides sawn logs for export. Cultivation of crops is limited to the coastal area, where the population is largely concentrated; rice and manioc are the major crops. French Guiana is heavily dependent on imports of food and energy. Unemployment is a serious problem, particularly among younger workers. The economy of Saint Martin centers around tourism with 85% of the labor force engaged in this sector. Over one million visitors come to the island each year with most arriving through the Princess Juliana International Airport in Sint Maarten. No significant agriculture and limited local fishing means that almost all food must be imported. Energy resources and manufactured goods are also imported, primarily from Mexico and the United States. Saint Martin is reported to have the highest per capita income in the Caribbean.
Electricity - consumption 409.2 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - imports 0 kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production 440 million kWh (1999) -
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
100%

hydro:
0%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)		 -
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Atlantic Ocean 0 m

highest point:
Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m		 lowest point: Caribbean Ocean 0 m


highest point: Pic du Paradis 424 m
Environment - current issues NA fresh water supply is dependent on desalinization of sea water
Ethnic groups black or mulatto 66%, white 12%, East Indian, Chinese, Amerindian 12%, other 10% creole (mulatto), black, Guadeloupe Mestizo (French-East Asia), white, East Indian
Exchange rates Euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) euros per US dollar - 0.7345 (2007), 0.7964 (2006), 0.8041 (2005), 0.8054 (2004), 0.886 (2003)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995), represented by Prefect Dominique VIAN (since NA January 1997)

head of government:
President of the General Council Andre LECANTE (since NA March 1998); President of the Regional Council Antoine KARAM (since 22 March 1992)

cabinet:
NA

elections:
French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; presidents of the General and Regional Councils are appointed by the members of those councils		 chief of state: President Nicolas SARKOZY (since 16 May 2007), represented by Prefect Dominique LACROIX (since 21 March 2007)


head of government: President of the Territorial Council Louis-Constant FLEMING (since 16 July 2007)


cabinet: Executive Council; note - there is also an advisory economic, social, and cultural council


election: French president elected by popular vote to a five-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; president of the Territorial Council is elected by the members of the Council for a five-year term


election results: Louis-Constant FLEMING unanimously elected president by the Territorial Council on 16 July 2007
Exports $155 million (f.o.b., 1997) -
Exports - commodities shrimp, timber, gold, rum, rosewood essence, clothing -
Exports - partners France 62%, Switzerland 7%, US 2% (1997) -
Fiscal year calendar year -
Flag description the flag of France is used the flag of France is used
GDP purchasing power parity - $1 billion (1998 est.) -
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
NA%

industry:
NA%

services:
NA%		 agriculture: 1%


industry: 15%


services: 84% (2000)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $6,000 (1998 est.) -
GDP - real growth rate NA% -
Geographic coordinates 4 00 N, 53 00 W 18 05 N, 63 57 W
Geography - note mostly an unsettled wilderness the island of Saint Martin is the smallest landmass in the World shared by two independent states, the French territory of Saint Martin and the Dutch territory of Sint Maarten
Highways total:
1,817 km

paved:
817 km

unpaved:
1,000 km (1998)		 -
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
NA%

highest 10%:
NA%		 -
Illicit drugs small amount of marijuana grown for local consumption; minor transshipment point to Europe -
Imports $625 million (c.i.f., 1997) -
Imports - commodities food (grains, processed meat), machinery and transport equipment, fuels and chemicals crude petroleum, food, manufactured items
Imports - partners France 52%, US 14%, Trinidad and Tobago 6% (1997) US, Mexico (2006)
Independence none (overseas department of France) none (overseas collectivity of France)
Industrial production growth rate NA% -
Industries construction, shrimp processing, forestry products, rum, gold mining tourism, light industry and manufacturing, heavy industry
Infant mortality rate 13.61 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) -
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 2.5% (1992) -
International organization participation FZ, WCL, WFTU UPU
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 2 (2000) -
Irrigated land 20 sq km (1993 est.) -
Judicial branch Court of Appeals or Cour d'Appel (highest local court based in Martinique with jurisdiction over Martinique, Guadeloupe, and French Guiana) -
Labor force 58,800 (1997) -
Labor force - by occupation services, government, and commerce 60.6%, industry 21.2%, agriculture 18.2% (1980) 85% directly or indirectly employed in tourist industry
Land boundaries total:
1,183 km

border countries:
Brazil 673 km, Suriname 510 km		 total: 15 km


border countries: Netherlands Antilles (Sint Maarten) 15 km
Land use arable land:
0%

permanent crops:
0%

permanent pastures:
0%

forests and woodland:
90%

other:
10% (1996 est.)		 -
Languages French French (official language), English, Dutch, French Patois, Spanish, Papiamento (dialect of Netherlands Antilles)
Legal system French legal system the laws of France, where applicable, apply
Legislative branch unicameral General Council or Conseil General (19 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Council or Conseil Regional (31 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)

elections:
General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Council - last held 15 March 1998 (next to be held NA 2004)

election results:
General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; Regional Council - percent of vote by party - PS 28.28%, various left parties 22.56%, RPR 15.91%, independents 8.6%, Walwari Committee 6%; seats by party - PS 11, various left parties 9, RPR 6, independents 3, Walwari Committee 2

note:
one seat was elected to the French Senate on 27 September 1998 (next to be held NA September 2007); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - NA; 2 seats were elected to the French National Assembly on 25 May - 1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - RPR 1, PSG 1		 unicameral Territorial Council (23 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: last held 1 and 8 July 2007 (next to be held July 2012)


election results: percent of seats by party - UPP 49%, RRR 42.2%, Reussir Saint-Martin 8.9%; seats by party - UPP 16, RRR 6, Reussir Saint-Martin 1
Life expectancy at birth total population:
76.3 years

male:
72.97 years

female:
79.79 years (2001 est.)		 -
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
83%

male:
84%

female:
82% (1982 est.)		 -
Location Northern South America, bordering the North Atlantic Ocean, between Brazil and Suriname island 300 km southeast of Puerto Rico
Map references South America Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM		 -
Merchant marine none (2000 est.) -
Military - note defense is the responsibility of France defense is the responsibility of France
Military branches French Forces, Gendarmerie -
Military expenditures - dollar figure $NA -
Military expenditures - percent of GDP NA% -
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
49,495 (2001 est.)		 -
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
32,052 (2001 est.)		 -
National holiday Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) Bastille Day, 14 July (1789); note - local holiday is Schoalcher Day (Slavery Abolition Day) 12 July (1848)
Nationality noun:
French Guianese (singular and plural)

adjective:
French Guianese		 -
Natural hazards high frequency of heavy showers and severe thunderstorms; flooding -
Natural resources bauxite, timber, gold (widely scattered), cinnabar, kaolin, fish salt
Net migration rate 10.14 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -
Political parties and leaders Guianese Socialist Party or PSG [Antoine KARAM]; Guyana Democratic Forces or FDG [Georges OTHILY]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Roland HO-WEN-SZE]; Socialist Party or PS [Pierre RIBARDIERE] (may be a subset of PSG); Walwari Committee [Christine TAUBIRA-DELANON] Union Pour le Progres or UPP [Louis Constant FLEMING]; Rassemblement Responsabilite Reussite or RRR [Alain RICHARDSON]; Reussir Saint-Martin [Jean-Luc HAMLET]
Political pressure groups and leaders NA -
Population 177,562 (July 2001 est.) 33,102 (October 2004 census)
Population below poverty line NA% -
Population growth rate 2.74% (2001 est.) -
Ports and harbors Cayenne, Degrad des Cannes, Saint-Laurent du Maroni -
Radio broadcast stations AM 2, FM 14 (including 6 repeaters), shortwave 6 (including 5 repeaters) (1998) FM 3 (2007)
Radios 104,000 (1997) -
Railways 0 km (1995) -
Religions Roman Catholic Roman Catholic, Jehovah's Witness, Protestant, Hindu
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.05 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
1.18 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
1.03 male(s)/female

total population:
1.13 male(s)/female (2001 est.)		 -
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal 18 years of age, universal
Telephone system general assessment:
NA

domestic:
fair open wire and microwave radio relay system

international:
satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)		 general assessment: fully integrated access


domestic: direct dial capability with both fixed and wireless systems


international: country code - 590; undersea fiber-optic cable provides voice and data connectivity to Puerto Rico and Gudaloupe
Telephones - main lines in use 47,000 (1997) -
Telephones - mobile cellular NA -
Television broadcast stations 3 (plus eight low-power repeaters) (1997) -
Terrain low-lying coastal plains rising to hills and small mountains -
Total fertility rate 3.17 children born/woman (2001 est.) -
Transportation - note - nearest airport for international flights is Princess Juliana International Airport (SXM) located in Sint Maarten
Unemployment rate 21.4% (1998) -
Waterways 3,300 km navigable by native craft

note:
460 km navigable by small oceangoing vessels and coastal and river steamers		 -
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